Bird Report 2024 - In Progress
The Report sections listed below are largely complete and may be consulted here. They remain subject to further alteration until the final Report, complete with photographs, is published in the usual format later in the year. In the meantime, suggested changes, alterations or submissions for publication will be gratefully received by the Editor, Ernest Garcia (
THE SYSTEMATIC LIST 2024
Records marked * are pending consideration by the Rarities Panel.
IMPORTANT NOTES.
Status definitions.
Vagrant: Exceptional at any time in southern Iberia (including Gibraltar), e.g. Allen’s Gallinule.
Rare: Seldom recorded in Gibraltar or anywhere in southern Spain, e.g. Alpine Chough, Fieldfare.
Locally rare: Exceptional in Gibraltar but not unusual in southern Spain, e.g. Kentish Plover, Jay.
Occasional: Seen infrequently and not annually e.g. Common Cuckoo.
Regular: Annual in small numbers. e.g. Red-necked Nightjar.
Common: Annual and sometimes numerous, e.g. Black Redstart.
Locations
Sites mentioned are shown on the Map on Page X. The term ‘Western Runway’ refers to the western end of the airfield runway, where a small loafing ground for gulls, cormorants, waders and some passerines is monitored by airfield staff.
Counts of migrant raptors. (See Appendices for daily totals).
Gibraltar only sees a variable fraction of the passage of raptors across the Strait. Most occur during westerly winds, when a higher proportion of the movements occur at the eastern end of the Strait. Harriers, falcons and the Osprey show only a limited tendency to seek short sea crossings and so their totals are invariably low. A daily watch is kept during the spring migration period.
Ringing
Birds ringed have been caught and ringed at Jews’ Gate, at the GONHS bird observatory at the south end of the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, unless otherwise stated.
Names.
Here we follow the classification, sequence and nomenclature employed by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology Birds of the World website https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/home. Certain qualifiers, such as ‘Eurasian’, are omitted from vernacular names where no ambiguity results. Significant nomenclature revision is expected in 2025.
Barbary Partridge Perdiz moruna Alectoris barbara
Resident.
Birds were widespread as usual, chiefly in the Nature Reserve, but there were a few sightings at locations where they would not normally have been expected in the past, such in the Glen Rocky area and, once, on the Europa Point foreshore on October 27th. These outliers continue a trend for wider dispersion since the population has been reinforced with captive-bred individuals.
The January winter bird counts found 48 birds, 20 of them on the East Side and the others mainly on the Upper Rock. The largest counts during the year were mainly from Windmill Hill, where there were 17 on February 19th, 16 on April 18th, 21 on August 14th and 23 on November 3rd. Adults with chicks were noted in the Nature Reserve on June 1st and on Windmill Hill on July 6th.
Greater Flamingo Flamenco común Phoenicopterus roseus
Irregular migrant, usually annual.
Six flocks, totalling 148 birds, were reported between February 16th and May 18th. The largest group was of 34 on March 29th.
Later in the year one was seen from Europa Point on October 12th and ten were off the East Side on November 5th.
Rock Dove Paloma bravía Columba livia
Rare. (Feral birds common).
The January winter bird counts found 326 birds, including 94 in the town area and 79 around Europort. Few counts were made during the year but there were 25 on the lawns in Commonwealth Park on September 19th.
Woodpigeon Paloma torcaz Columba palumbus
Locally rare.
Three were seen from Jews’ Gate on April 3rd.
Turtle Dove Tórtola europea Streptopelia turtur
Regular but scarce migrant.
Single birds were near South Barracks on April 22nd and at Westview Promenade on April 25th and May 2nd. Two were on the Europa Point foreshore on April 28th. A male was ringed on April 24th.
A juvenile lingered on the Europa Point foreshore between August 25th and August 31st.
Collared Dove Tórtola turca Streptopelia decaocto
Common resident.
The January bird count found 40 birds, 27 of them at Europa Point. This last site would formerly have been an unusual location but during the year ship watchers at the Point made a habit of feeding sparrows and other birds with bread and seed, attracting Collared Doves there. These numbered 30 on September 22nd. Other favoured locations were mainly in gardens, notably the Botanic Gardens, where there were 23 on April 20th.
Red-necked Nightjar Chotacabras cuellirojo Caprimulgus ruficollis
Regular migrant.
Two were seen at Jews’ Gate on April 18th and 14 were ringed there between April 18th and May 10th.
Only one, an adult, was ringed in autumn, on October 12th.
European Nightjar Chotacabras europeo Caprimulgus europaeus
Regular migrant.
There were 13 ringed between May 7th and May 10th. Six nightjar sp. were reported between April 5th and June 3rd.
One was taken into care from the town on October 2nd and single birds were seen in the Nature Reserve on November 10th and 11th. A further 13, 12 of them juveniles, were ringed between October 11th and November 6th. A nightjar sp. was on the Europa Point foreshore on September 28th.
Alpine Swift Vencejo real Tachymarptis melba
Regular but scarce migrant. Scarce breeder.
Only three records were submitted. Nine birds were seen from Jews’ Gate on April 3rd. Two were at the North Face on July 28th and one was over the South District on October 14th. Gibraltar is the type locality for this species, which is probably being under-recorded. One was ringed, on March 27th.
Pallid Swift Vencejo pálido Apus pallidus
Common migrant and breeder.
Single birds were reported from Europa Point and over the town on February 26th. There were 80 over the town on March 11th and hundreds were over the Rock on March 14th.
Hardly any records were submitted later in the year but they included 15 over the town on September 19th. Three nestlings were ringed on June 12th.
Common Swift Vencejo común Apus apus
Common migrant and breeder.
Four at Western Beach on March 30th were the earliest reported. There were hundreds over the Rock on May 13th but no other significant records were submitted.
European Storm-petrel Paiño europeo Hydrobates pelagicus
Regular in the Strait but rare onshore.
One was found near the airfield on December 10th. It seemed stunned but soon recovered and was released.
Scopoli’s Shearwater Pardela cenicienta mediterránea Calonectris diomedea
Regular, mainly on passage.
A single bird off Europa Point on February 23rd was probably of this species. Shearwater flocks that may have included this species were reported from Europa Point on five dates in October. In addition, a concentration of about 1,000 birds was present two miles east of the Rock on October 5th. These latter dates are still prior to the principal (November) exodus of Scopoli’s Shearwaters from the Mediterranean, which was not detected from Gibraltar in 2024.
Cory’s Shearwater Pardela cenicienta canaria Calonectris borealis
Common March–October. Most numerous in summer.
All reports came from Europa Point. Two were seen on May 13th. Thereafter mainly small numbers were reported foraging offshore on most watch dates until at least October 5th. The largest count estimates made were of 100–250 birds but most observations were of fewer than 40. Gatherings of up to 100 in September were associated with flying fish shoals that were being displaced by predatory dolphins and Blue-finned Tuna Thunnus thynnus, a regular autumn sight in recent years. One was ringed on November 2nd.
Manx Shearwater Pardela pichoneta Puffinus puffinus
Locally rare.
One was photographed flying west at Europa Point on March 28th. First confirmed record (R. Perez). Earlier references to Manx Shearwaters in the literature are of the former Mediterranean subspecies mauretanicus and yelkouan prior to their assignment to full-species status.

Manx Shearwater. R. Perez
Balearic Shearwater Pardela balear Puffinus mauretanicus
All year, especially summer. Migrant.
Mainly small numbers were reported from Europa Point on 26 dates between January 9th and June 26th. These totalled 393 birds, including 105 flying west on May 24th.
Thereafter there were 51 birds in total on three dates in July but no further observations were made until 122 were seen over four dates in October. The only subsequent records were in December: 203 birds flying west on December 8th and three on December 14th.
Black Stork Cigüeña negra Ciconia nigra
Common migrant.
Spring migrants totalled an unexceptional 262 birds, on 16 dates between February 10th and May 13th, although most arrived in March. These last included 89 on March 4th, 57 on March 10th and 51 on March 20th. In addition, an unseasonal straggler was seen on June 7th.
Returning migrants totalled just 45, on eight dates between September 9th and October 8th.
White Stork Cigüeña blanca Ciconia ciconia
Common migrant, but most bypass Gibraltar to the west.
Early-year northbound birds totalled 693, on seven dates between January 18th and March 28th. They included 200 on the first date and 248 on the last date. Later in the year 50 passed north over the town on October 17th.
Eurasian Spoonbill Espátula común Platalea leucorodia
Occasional migrant.
There were two records of small flocks. Six were over the Rock on February 23rd and a group of seven: two adults and five juveniles, perhaps a family party, was seen from Europa Point on September 10th.
Glossy Ibis Morito común Plegadis falcinellus
Occasional migrant.
There were four records during the first half of the year, presumably of northbound birds. The first was a flock of 23 flying east at Europa Point on April 15th. Flocks of 35 and 43 were seen flying east from Jews’ Gate on April 25th and June 8th respectively. A single bird was seen flying along the eastern shoreline on May 15th.
Black-crowned Night Heron Martinete común Nycticorax nycticorax
Occasional migrant.
A nocturnal migrant was heard, and later seen through a thermal-imaging device, from Jews’ Gate on April 8th. One was at Europa Point on April 16th.
Cattle Egret Garcilla bueyera Bubulcus ibis
Occasional: migrant and in winter.
A flock of 52 flew east past Europa Point on February 7th. A single bird frequented the Harding’s Battery mound at Europa Point on February 9th.

Cattle Egret. R. Azopardi
Grey Heron Garza real Ardea cinerea
Regular: migrant and in winter.
Frequently observed during much of the year but there were no flocks of obvious migrants reported in 2024. One or two overwintering birds were present around the coastline until at least February 21st. There were no observations in March and just two records of single birds in April, followed by one bird on May 14th.
The first returning bird was seen over the town on July 25th. One or two were present from early August until the end of the year, chiefly frequenting the harbour area, where pontoons provided useful fish-hunting posts, especially at night. Rosia, Camp and Little Bays also often held a resting or fishing individual but the eastern shoreline was apparently avoided. The largest count was of just four birds, on the Western Runway on September 11th.
Purple Heron Garza imperial Ardea purpurea
Occasional migrant.
One flew north on March 2nd.
Little Egret Garceta común Egretta garzetta
Occasional: migrant and in winter.
At least two overwintering individuals were present until early March and one was reported on April 3rd. Birds chiefly frequented the pontoons available in the harbour area marinas and did not apparently use the eastern coastline.
Seven flew north along the east coast from Europa Point on August 14th. Thereafter up to four birds were present again in the harbour area, including the detached mole, up to the end of the year. One individual was seen raiding the fish ponds in Commonwealth Park on several occasions.
Northern Gannet Alcatraz atlántico Morus bassanus
Present all year, especially winter and passage.
Birds were relatively numerous during the first half of the year, when some feeding concentrations occurred as well as some migratory and weather-linked movements. January–June sightings totalled 1,574 birds. The largest numbers were reported from Europa Point but there were records from around the entire coastline. An inshore feeding gathering of 30 birds was at Eastern Beach on January 6th. Larger counts from Europa Point included 50 birds on January 26th, 102 west in one hour on February 9th, 213 west in 3.5 hours on February 12th, 65 on March 10th, 50 on March 17th and 40 on April 1st. There were no double-figure counts after April 7th until October.
Reports were much scarcer during the second half of the year, although the two sets of figures are not entirely comparable since watch durations were not standardised. Those seen during July–December totalled just 243 birds. There were no records at all in August and the largest double-figure counts during the period were 20 birds on November 10th and 22 on November 17th.
European Shag Cormorán moñudo Phalacrocorax aristotelis
Resident.
As usual, birds were frequently seen rounding Europa Point as well as fishing in the Bay. The cormorant loafing ground on the Little Bay cliff was a favoured resting place, where the largest counts were of ten (two juveniles) on September 8th and 14 (one juvenile) on September 22nd. Observations from Europa Point included 13 on February 17th, 18 on July 6th, 14 on July 20th, 18 on July 21st and 18 again on August 3rd.
Great Cormorant Cormorán grande Phalacrocorax carbo
Regular: migrant and winter.
Wintering birds were present around the coastline in the usual locations, these including the loafing ground on the Little Bay sea cliff, the Seven Sisters rocks off the South Mole, the harbour and airfield. Most winter sightings were single-figure counts, the largest gatherings comprising 11 at Little Bay on January 11th, 14 at Seven Sisters on January 14th, ten at Harbour Views marina on January 19th and 15 at Europa Point on February 17th. One visited the Commonwealth Park ponds on March 17th. The last apparently wintering bird was one in the harbour on April 20th. A number of northbound migrant flocks were reported: three flocks, of 32, 45 and nine birds, on March 10th; 20 on March 11th, 17 on March 19th, 100 on March 25th, 30 on April 3rd, 45 on April 15th, five on April 17th and four on May 3rd.
The earliest returning birds were three seen from Princess Caroline’s Battery on September 24th. Only small numbers were seen subsequently around the coastline, the only double-figure counts during the second half of the year being 11 at the Detached Mole on November 12th and 13 east at Europa Point on November 20th. In general, the wintering population was smaller in 2024 than in some recent years.
Stone-curlew Alcaraván común Burhinus oedicnemus
Occasional: migrant.
Single birds were on the Europa Point foreshore on February 10th and over the harbour on March 4th.
Oystercatcher Ostrero euroasiático Haematopus ostralegus
Regular: migrant.
Five were seen from Europa Point on July 20th.
Pied Avocet Avoceta común Recurvirostra avosetta
Occasional: migrant.
One record: 22 flew west at Europa Point on October 4th.
Northern Lapwing Avefría común Vanellus vanellus
Irregular: In winter.
Three were by a pool of rainwater just north of the air terminal, beyond the frontier fence. This was the first local record since January 2005.
European Golden Plover Chorlito dorado europeo Pluvialis apricaria
Locally rare.
One was on the strand line at Sandy Bay beach on December 3rd.
Common Ringed Plover Chorlitejo grande Charadrius hiaticula
Occasional: migrant and winter.
Two were on Western Beach on March 7th.
Whimbrel Zarapito trinador Numenius phaeopus
Regular migrant and winter.
One was seen on the Europa Point foreshore on four dates between February 13th and April 2nd. Later in the year there were reports of one or two birds on 12 dates between July 16th and December 20th, these again chiefly from the foreshore rocks and probably involving overwinterers.

Whimbrel. C. Fortuna
Turnstone Vuelvepiedras común Arenaria interpres
Regular, mainly winter.
Seven were on the South Mole on January 13th. A flock of eight birds was seen frequently on the Europa Point foreshore rocks until April 7th, a ninth bird joining them on February 18th. A straggler was still present on April 24th.
The first returning birds seen were four at the foreshore on August 3rd and up to ten were present there until the end of the year.
Sanderling Correlimos tridáctilo Calidris alba
Regular, mainly winter.
Two were on Western Beach on January 1st and a single bird was there on January 8th and 25th. A flock of nine was at the same site on March 9th.
Later in the year one was at Waterport on September 1st and two were at the Europa Point foreshore on October 6th. Single birds were at Western Beach on November 13th and 30th and there were two there on December 7th. A flock of five was on Eastern Beach on December 2nd.
Purple Sandpiper Correlimos oscuro Calidris maritima
Locally rare.
One was on the Europa Point foreshore on January 16th. Third record (F. Solano González).
Woodcock Chocha perdiz Scolopax rusticola
Occasional: winter
One was seen near Jews’ Gate on November 12th.
Common Sandpiper Andarríos chico Actitis hypoleucos
Regular migrant. Occasional in winter.
One or two overwintering individuals were reported at intervals during January and February, frequenting and presumably moving between Europa Point; Little, Camp and Rosia Bays, Western and Eastern beaches and Sandy Bay. Three were at Western Beach on March 16th and 17th and there were four there on March 30th. Single birds were reported on six days in April and one was on the Seven Sisters rocks on May 11th.
The first returning birds were all seen from Europa Point where one on July 20th was followed by four on August 1st, two on August 2nd and ten on August 3rd. One or two were seen on several later dates in August and in September after which there were frequent reports of single birds until the end of the year, these chiefly from the Europa Point foreshore and Camp Bay.
Kittiwake Gaviota tridáctila Rissa tridactyla
Occasional: migrant and winter.
A first-winter bird flew west past Europa Point on November 27th.
Slender-billed Gull Gaviota picofina Larus genei
Locally rare.
An adult was with Black-headed Gulls on Western Beach and the adjacent runway on December 30th, where it was seen again on January 1st 2025.
Black-headed Gull Gaviota reidora Larus ridibundus
Common migrant and common in winter.
Some were present at Europa Point throughout the first winter period but the flock size fluctuated markedly from day to day, none being seen on some days, only a small group on other occasions and 50 or more on other days. Three-figure counts at the Point included 140 on January 1st, 150 on January 7th, 130 on January 11th and 14th and 120 on January 21st. In February 100+ birds were present on eight dates, including a high count of 247 on February 21st. There were 134 at the Point on March 3rd but numbers declined rapidly thereafter until the last observation, on April 7th.

Black-headed Gull. R. Perez
Virtually all records during the second winter period were again from Europa Point. The first returning bird seen was on July 5th but very few were seen until the second half of November, when the largest count was 40 on November 16th. Numbers fluctuated throughout December but there were 120 on December 5th and 200 on December 9th.
None were seen at any other locations all year except for a few observations from Western Beach. There were nine there on January 21st, followed by single birds on January 25th and February 3rd. Late in the year there was a small group around Western Beach on December 30th. The total absence of records from the harbour is noteworthy.
Mediterranean Gull Gaviota cabecinegra Larus melanocephalus
Common: migrant and winter.
All observations were from Europa Point. These totalled 103 birds, on 24 days between January 21st and April 7th. Most of these records involved 1–3 individuals but there were 25 on April 1st and 20 on April 4th.
There were no further observations until June 9th, when one bird was present. A further 235 birds were recorded, on 18 days between June 15th and October 5th. Most of these were far offshore, flying west. They included 30 on June 16th, 26 on June 16th, 22 on July 7th and 81 in two hours on September 24th. Thereafter just 12 birds in total were observed, on seven dates between November 16th and December 17th.
Audouin’s Gull Gaviota de Audouin Larus audouinii
Common migrant. Some remain in winter.
All reports were from Europa Point. There were 202 individuals in total, on 24 dates between January 21st and April 8th. Until recently most early-year observations have been of birds returning to the Mediterranean from coastal Atlantic winter quarters. However, although the flight direction was not always reported, birds were flying west on at least seven occasions, these including 76 on February 12th and 48 on April 1st. The recent population shift towards the Ria de Faro, Algarve, Portugal, where over 7,000 pairs nested in 2024 (https://www.lifeilhasbarreira.pt/), may partly explain the apparent partial change of migration direction.
One was at Europa Point on May 30th but all later records fell between June 9th and November 17th. They totalled 280 birds on 30 dates, with observations concentrated between June 30th and July 21st, when 235 (84%) were counted.
Common Gull Gaviota cana Larus canus
Locally rare.
A second-winter bird was below Europa Point on January 7th. Fifth record (R. Perez).

Common Gull R. Perez
Lesser Black-backed Gull Gaviota sombría Larus fuscus
Regular: migrant and winter.
All observations were from Europa Point. Two were there on January 7th and a further 113 were seen in total on 19 dates between February 3rd and April 7th. Up to six were seen on most occasions but there were 21 on February 12th and 41 on March 10th, these larger counts involving westbound migrants.

Lesser Black-backed Gull. C. Fortuna.
Only nine individuals were seen later in the year, on five dates between September 11th and December 17th.
Yellow-legged Gull Gaviota patiamarilla Larus michahellis
Common resident.
Abundantly in evidence as usual but seldom receiving positive attention. Counts were submitted of 122 in the Seven Sisters area of the South Mole on January 14th and 180 around Europa Point on July 21st.
Gull-billed Tern Pagaza piconegra Gelochelidon nilotica
Occasional: migrant.
All four observations were from Europa Point. Two birds were offshore on March 22nd and two flew east on March 26th. One on April 7th and two on June 21st were flying west.
Caspian Tern Pagaza piquirroja Hydroprogne caspia
Occasional: migrant.
There were three observations from Europa Point: four birds on September 11th, four again on September 24th and one on October 16th.
Common Tern Charrán común Sterna hirundo
Irregular migrant.
One was seen from Europa Point on October 14th.
Sandwich Tern Charrán patinegro Thalasseus sandvicensis
Common: migrant and winter.
A few were reported frequently from Europa Point and along the western coastline, including the harbour, throughout the first winter period and until April 7th. Most observations involved up to four individuals but there were nine at Europa Point on February 12th. A count of 19 on April 1st, also from Europa Point, involved westward migrants.
Two were seen from Europa Point on June 10th, followed by one there on September 24th and 14 seen two miles off the east coast on October 5th. A further 43 were seen from Europa Point on five dates between October 14th and October 19th, including 17 on the first date: these probably involved migrants. Thereafter the usual wintering birds were present until the end of the year, again only on the western shoreline. Observations during the second winter period were again chiefly on 1–4 birds but there were 12 at Europa Point on November 17th and seven there on December 6th.
Great Skua Págalo grande Catharacta skua
Present all year. Common migrant.
There were only four observations of single birds, off Europa Point: on February 12th (two separate birds), March 8th and March 10th. These were the only skuas reported all year.
Puffin Frailecillo atlántico Fratercula arctica
Common migrant in the Strait but rare inshore.
There were five observations during the spring migration period, when birds leave the Mediterranean. On March 19th 47 were seen one mile east of the Rock. The other sightings, all made from Europa Point, comprised three birds on April 1st, 38 on April 4th, 20 on April 5th and five on April 7th.
Razorbill Alca común Alca torda
Common: winter and migrant.
There were several reports of up to three birds on ten dates spanning January to mid-March. Most of these were seen off Europa Point but there were also sightings off Camp Bay and one was inshore at Eastern Beach on April 2nd. There were also several counts of presumed migrants passing the Point: 21 on February 18th, 37 on March 18th, 28 on April 4th and 16 on April 5th. In addition, 42 were observed two miles off the east coast on March 19th. Three at Europa Point on April 7th were the latest recorded. None were seen during the remainder of the year.
Barn Owl Lechuza común Tyto alba
Occasional.
One was reported at intervals in the South District but there was no evidence of a pair being present.
Little Owl Mochuelo europeo Athene noctua
Scarce resident.
One or two were seen or heard occasionally on the eastern side, chiefly on the Adetected, two on the East Side, one at Windmill Hill and one at the North Face. Of these no nesting data was available except for the pair above Catalan Bay, that produced two young. Two were ringed: a juvenile on September 22nd and an adult on December 12th.
Scops Owl Autillo europeo Otus scops
Common migrant. Has bred.
One was found in cover on the Europa Point foreshore on February 16th. One ringed in spring on April 5th was recaptured at the same site on April 10th.

Scops Owl. R. Azopardi
Three were ringed in autumn, on September 30th, October 12th and October 20th.
Short-eared Owl Búho campestre Asio flammeus
Locally rare.
There were two observations of single birds. One was resting on a boulder below the east side of Windmill Hill on February 24th. The second was on the east side reclamation on October 11th.

Short-eared Owl. R. Harris
Tawny Owl Cárabo común Strix aluco
Probable recently established resident.
One, and sometimes two, were reported on at least 15 dates between April 3rd and December 4th, suggesting a resident presence, although local breeding has yet to be confirmed. All were seen or heard in the southwestern area, between Jews’ Gate and The Mount gardens in the south and the St Joseph’s area in the north.
Eagle Owl Búho reál Bubo bubo
Recently re-established resident.
One was very vocal on the Catalan Bay cliffs throughout January and one was heard there again on October 7th and in November. One was seen and heard along Signal Station Road on November 11th and 12th and December 16th and 24th.
Osprey Águila pescadora Pandion haliaetus
Regular migrant and frequent in winter.
The Scottish bird that was present intermittently in late 2023 was not seen in 2024, although an Osprey was over the top Cable Car station on January 20th. Spring migrants totalled 64, between February 29th and May 13th, with a marked concentration on two March dates: 11 birds on March 15th and 30 on March 20th.
About 17 birds were identified on active southward passage, on scattered dates between September 9th and October 23rd. They included eight on the first date. The picture was confused by the presence of individuals that remained in the area for extended periods. One favoured the Western Runway and was often to be seen there, and fishing nearby, from September 10th to October 2nd. A second bird then arrived and displaced the first individual and then remained at the same location until at least October 31st. Another bird then took up temporary residence at Little Bay from October 25th, where it found a perch on the sea cliff: it remained until at least November 17th. The Little Bay Osprey was seen chasing off another interloping individual on November 5th. There were no further sightings until December 3rd, when two were seen at Sandy Bay, followed by one seen flying south at Catalan Bay on December 13th.
Honey-buzzard Abejero europeo Pernis apivorus
Common migrant.
The spring passage was unexceptional: 6,203 birds were counted. The earliest observation was one bird on April 7th. Passage proper was seen between April 25th and June 30th. There was only one four-figure count: 2,515 birds on May 13th, a little later than the usual peak arrival period. It is clear that much passage occurred away from Gibraltar. On previous evidence, three birds that were over the Rock on July 12th are much more likely to have been northbound stragglers than southbound migrants.
Three on August 23rd were the first returning birds seen. There was a spate of movement in early September, with notable counts made of 7,870 birds on September 9th followed by 4,760 on September 10th. Thereafter there was modest passage on several dates later in September (See Appendix 2). One on October 17th was the last observation of the season. The total autumn count was 13,051 birds, although only a partial watch was maintained.
Egyptian Vulture Alimoche común Neophron percnopterus
Regular migrant.
Spring migrants totalled 52 birds, most between February 10th and June 22nd, followed by one individual on July 1st and three on July 12th. The largest day-count was 14 birds, on May 5th.
Just 30 returning birds were seen, between August 14th and September 26th, including ten on August 31st. It has long been clear that only an insignificant fraction of the source population (over 1,500 pairs), which is largely Iberian, is ever seen at Gibraltar itself, even though the great majority cross the Strait.
Short-toed Snake-eagle Culebrera europea Circaetus gallicus
Common migrant. Occasional in winter.
Spring migrants totalled 1,067 birds, an unexceptional tally. As usual the passage period was extended, with a long trail of immature non-breeders arriving late in the season. The earliest arrivals seen were on February 22nd and the last bird was on July 16th. Peak passage was in March, the largest day counts being 373 on March 1st, 120 on March 2nd and 140 on March 10th.
Only 15 birds were seen to visit the Rock during the southward migration period, between August 12th and October 26th.
Griffon Vulture Buitre leonado Gyps fulvus
Common migrant.
Single birds were over the Rock on January 10th and February 25th. Spring migrants totalled 1,387 birds, a new local record, these arriving between April 8th and June 30th. The previous record was in 2020, when 1,147 birds were counted. There were several noteworthy day-counts, including 182 birds on April 29th, 304 on May 14th,152 on May 18th and 167 on June 9th. Arrivals occurred during often fresh westerly or south-westerly winds and, as usual, a number of individuals failed to make landfall and crash-landed in the sea. Several of these were rescued but others drowned. However, a bird that fell just short of Europa Point on June 9th managed to struggle ashore, where it was picked up and taken for recovery at the GONHS Raptor Rehabilitation Unit.

Griffon Vulture. C. Perez
In contrast, very few southbound migrants visited the Rock, the only significant count being 120 on October 26th. Nine others were seen in total, on four dates between September 21st and October 19th. Later in the year two were over the East Side on November 22nd and there were three records of single birds in December, including a dead bird that was washed up on Eastern Beach on December 16th.
Cinereous (Black) Vulture Buitre negro Aegypius monachus
Occasional: migrant.
One arrived from the south at Jews’ Gate on April 29th. Another was rescued from the sea on May 20th and taken into rehabilitation.

Cinereous (Black) Vulture R. Geary.
Lesser Spotted Eagle Águila pomerana Clanga pomarina
Vagrant.
A very worn-looking individual arrived with other migrating raptors on March 20th. Thirteenth record (C. Perez).
Bonelli’s Eagle Águila perdicera Aquila fasciata
Occasional.
A first-summer bird arrived from the south on May 16th.
Booted Eagle Águila calzada Hieraaetus pennatus
Common migrant. Occasional in summer and winter.
Spring migrants totalled 1,249 birds, between February 23rd and June 22nd. The majority were seen in March and April as usual, and these included 142 birds on March 20th, 125 on April 1st and 250 on April 8th. A count of 115 on May 13th was noteworthy for a relatively late date. A single light morph bird frequented the Rock at least occasionally in summer and could be seen hunting locally: it was noted between July 10th and August 15th.
Southbound migrants that visited the Rock, generally without continuing south from Gibraltar itself, totalled some 500 birds, between August 18th and November 17th (see Appendix 2). These included a gathering of 200 on September 21st.
Marsh Harrier Aguilucho lagunero Circus aeruginosus
Common migrant.
An unseasonal individual was over Windmill Hill on January 7th. Spring migrants totalled 307 birds, a new local record, considerably exceeding the previous highest count of 249 in 2004. Passage was seen between February 22nd and May 13th, with a late bird arriving on June 8th. The main arrivals were from mid-March to mid-April and included an exceptional day-count of 150 on March 20th.
Birds seen on southward passage totalled 80, between September 4th and October 21st. Nearly all were seen in September, including 22 on September 10th.
Hen Harrier Aguilucho pálido Circus cyaneus
Regular but scarce migrant.
There were four records of single birds, all of them in spring: on March 10th, March 11th, March 20th and April 16th.
Pallid Harrier Aguilucho papialbo Circus macrourus
Occasional: migrant.
Two males were seen on northward passage, on March 20th and March 25th. Tenth and eleventh records (C. Perez, M. Figueras, C. Twitchen).

Male Pallid Harrier. C. Perez
Montagu’s Harrier Aguilucho cenizo Circus pygargus
Common migrant.
Observations of this species were again infrequent. Only 21 were seen on northward passage, between March 15th and May 13th. The highest day count was five birds, on April 8th.
Southbound birds totalled 19, between August 14th and September 25th. Fourteen were seen on September 10th and the other records were of single birds on five dates.
Goshawk Azor común Accipiter gentilis
A juvenile male was picked up in the harbour area on July 13th after colliding with a glass window. As well as concussed, it was found to be starving and dehydrated. It was admitted to the Raptor Rehabilitation Unit and released in October, by when it was in good condition.
Sparrowhawk Gavilán común Accipiter nisus
Common migrant. Sometimes winters.
Four sightings in January and another on February 19th probably involved the overwintering individual that frequented the southern parts of the Rock in late 2023. Spring migrants totalled 400, a below-average count, seen between February 22nd and May 16th. The largest day counts were in early April, 47 birds on April 7th and 68 on April 8th. One was ringed on April 26th.
Southbound birds counted totalled 113, between September 4th and November 12th, including 43 on September 25th. Once again an individual was present in the South District throughout the second winter period from around November 15th until the end of the year.
Red Kite Milano real Milvus milvus
Occasional: migrant. Formerly annual.
Only one was reported, on September 10th.
Black Kite Milano negro Milvus migrans
Common migrant.
There were 28,754 birds recorded during the spring passage, the third-highest spring count on record although still well below the 44,132 recorded in 2020. They were observed between February 6th and June 19th, with peak passage as usual between late February and March. Four-figure counts were made on eight dates between February 22nd and March 25th (see Appendix 1), including 6,357 on March 8th and 3,607 March 10th.
The return movement was apparent between July 12th and October 17th, when 12,844 birds were counted in total. These included 3,896 on August 2nd and 3,000 on August 13th. As usual, significant passage was over by mid-September, after which just a few stragglers were seen.
Common Buzzard Busardo ratonero Buteo buteo
Occasional: migrant and winter. Formerly annual migrant.
Eight were seen in spring, on seven dates between February 23rd and March 20th.
Single birds were over the Rock on August 12th, September 25th and October 4th.
Long-legged Buzzard Busardo moro Buteo rufinus
Vagrant. Has wintered.
What was probably the same individual was around the Catalan Bay cliffs on January 13th, January 21st and February 21st.
Hoopoe Abubilla Upupa epops
Common migrant.
An early bird was seen in the Nature Reserve on January 23rd. There were a further 54 reports on 27 dates between February 2nd and April 20th, usually of one or two birds but there were six in the North Front cemetery on March 11th and 12th. Other favoured localities included the Europa Point foreshore, Windmill Hill and the Nature Reserve but none were reported from the Botanic Gardens, usually a regular location for lingering spring migrants. Nine were ringed between February 16th and April 4th.
Returning birds totalled 21, on 15 dates between July 18th and September 28th. Two were ringed in autumn, on September 1st and September 5th.
European Bee-eater Abejaruco europeo Merops apiaster
Common migrant.
Spring migrants were reported on 11 dates between April 3rd and May 2nd. Flocks were often only heard passing high overhead, but 248 were counted from Jews’ Gate on April 7th. Six were ringed between April 6th and May 8th.
Returning birds were evident, mainly heard, on just five dates between August 1st and September 29th. They included 60 seen at Jews’ Gate on August 1st and a succession of flocks heard passing over on September 7th and 9th.
Common Kingfisher Martín pescador común Alcedo atthis
Regular but scarce migrant and in winter.
Five reports of single birds within the harbour between January 6th and March 19th seem likely to have involved the overwintering bird from 2023.
Later in the year there were 16 reports between July 27th and November 13th, all of single birds except for two seen in the harbour on October 2nd and 3rd. Birds were at locations right around the coastline. There were no December records and only two in November so an overwintering presence remained uncertain.
Wryneck Torcecuello Jynx torquilla
Regular but scarce migrant. Occasional in winter.
Four were ringed in spring, between April 5th and April 24th.
One was seen in the Nature Reserve on October 2nd.
Lesser Kestrel Cernícalo primilla Falco naumanni
Regular migrant. Recently extinct breeder.
There were reports totalling 33 birds on 13 dates between February 9th and April 17th. They included ten on March 11th.
Later in the year there were eight over the Rock on September 25th and three there on October 5th.
Common Kestrel Cernícalo vulgar Falco tinnunculus
Resident. Common migrant.
At least five pairs nested, hatching a total of 15 young. Resident birds were much in evidence all year. Their presence always masks the possible occurrence of migrants although several individuals that were seen arriving at Europa Point in July may have been post-breeding dispersers from Morocco.
Eleonora’s Falcon Halcón de Eleonora Falco eleonorae
Regular but scarce migrant, especially in late summer and autumn.
Two were over the top Cable Car Station on July 20th and one was seen from Europa Point on September 24th.
Hobby Alcotán Falco subbuteo
Regular but scarce migrant.
Spring migrants totalled 27, on eight dates between April 7th and June 9th. They included eight on the first date and nine on April 8th. None were seen in autumn.
Lanner Falcon* Halcón borní Falco biarmicus
Regular but scarce migrant.
An adult was present on September 10th.
Peregrine Falcon Halcón peregrino Falco peregrinus
Resident. Some migrants occur.
Four pairs fledged a total of ten young.
Golden Oriole Oropéndola Oriolus oriolus
Regular migrant.
One was seen from Jews’ Gate on April 17th and two males were ringed there the following day.
Single birds were in the North Front cemetery on August 12th and September 1st, and one was seen in the lower Nature Reserve on September 5th.
Woodchat Shrike Alcaudón común Lanius senator
Common migrant. Has bred.
The earliest sight record was of one in the North Front cemetery on March 10th. A further 78 sightings were reported on 30 dates between then and May 19th. The cemetery and Windmill Hill held most birds, these sites offering suitable open terrain. Most observations were of single birds but there were 26 on Windmill Hill during a fall of migrants on April 18th. Five were ringed, between April 2nd and May 9th.
Only six were observed during the southbound passage period, on five dates between August 14th and September 11th. One was ringed on August 29th.
Eurasian Magpie Urraca común Pica pica
Rare.
One was seen near South Barracks on February 8th. Fifth record (S. Olivero).
Jackdaw Grajilla Coleus monedula
Occasional. Has bred.
There were six scattered records. Single birds were in the harbour area on January 14th and February 21st, at Parson’s Lodge on March 2nd and at Tank Ramp in the city on March 14th. Two then appeared on the Market Place bus shelter on November 11th and there were four over the Moorish Castle on December 30th.
Hooded Crow Corneja cenicienta Corvus cornix
Vagrant.
Two frequented Europa Point between May 31st and June 4th. Second record (C. Fortuna, C. Perez, T. Finlayson).

Hooded Crow. R. Perez
Raven Cuervo Corvus corax
Regular. One resident pair.
Local birds wandered widely throughout Gibraltar and also visited the hinterland. The local pair nested successfully on the eastern cliffs and fledged four young, which were first observed in flight with their parents on June 4th. Up to six birds were present together until at least July 31st and seven were seen on August 8th. Only five seemed present in September and only two, presumably the adult pair, towards the end of the year.
Blue Tit Herrerillo común Cyanistes caeruleus
Common resident.
The January winter bird count found 80 birds, half of them in the Nature Reserve and others mainly in gardens, including one in Commonwealth Park on January 11th. There were 12 in the Botanic Gardens on April 20th. Birds ringed totalled 59.
Great Tit Carbonero común Parus major
Scarce resident.
There were 21 reports spread throughout the year, all of one or two individuals. They were mainly from the Nature Reserve and southern gardens. One was in Commonwealth Park on May 12th. Three were ringed during the year.
Wood Lark Alondra totovía Lululla arborea
Occasional: migrant.
One was observed from Mediterranean Road, in the southern Nature Reserve, on November 2nd.
Skylark Alondra común Alauda arvensis
Regular but scarce migrant. Occasional in winter.
At least two were heard from Mediterranean Road, in the southern Nature Reserve, on November 2nd. This, and the Wood Lark, occurred during a strong southward passage of finches and thrushes.
Thekla’s Lark Cogujada montesina Galerida theklae
Occasional in winter.
One was in the Frontier area on January 25th.
Crested Lark Cogujada común Galerida cristata
Occasional, mainly in winter.
Two were in the Frontier area on July 28th.
Zitting Cisticola Cistícola buitrón Cisticola juncidis
Regular: migrant and in winter. Has bred.
This species was notable by its absence, as has been the case in recent years. One was on Windmill Hill on October 13th.
Melodious Warbler Zarcero políglota Hippolais polyglotta
Common migrant.
There were sight records on eight dates between April 6th and May 17th. They totalled 21 birds, 12 of them found during a migrant fall on Windmill Hill on April 18th. The others were seen in the North Front cemetery. Birds ringed in spring totalled 68, between April 5th and May 10th.
Just three were seen later in the year: on Windmill Hill on August 14th and in the cemetery and the Nature Reserve on August 18th. Nine were ringed between August 4th and September 26th.
Sedge Warbler Carricerín común Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
Locally rare. Migrant.
Two were ringed: on March 15th and April 24th.
Common Reed Warbler Carricero común Acrocephalus scirpaceus
Common migrant.
There were no sight records in spring, which is not unusual, but 11 were ringed between April 18th and May 8th.
One was seen resting on a boat in the harbour on September 4th. There were 14 ringed between August 11th and October 21st.
Grasshopper Warbler Buscarla pintoja Locustella naevia
Occasional: migrant.
One was on Windmill Hill on April 21st.
One was seen at Jews’ Gate on October 22nd. Five were ringed between August 26th and October 13th.
House Martin Avión común Delichon urbicum
Common migrant. Scarce summer resident.
Five were seen from Jews’ Gate on January 20th. There were no further reports of migrants until March 11th, when 27 were over the Rock, after which birds were noted on 13 dates until May 16th. Steady passage northwards was evident on March 23rd but other reports were of small numbers. The small colony at the frontier was reported as occupied on May 11th but no further details were recorded.
Many were reported over the South District on October 14th and one was with Crag Martins on a cliff above Europa Advance Road on November 10th, but no other observations were made during the second half of the year. An exceptional 32 were ringed on October 14th, after responding to a tape lure.
Red-rumped Swallow Golondrina dáurica Cecropis daurica
Common migrant. Has bred.
Only a few migrants were reported, all in spring and chiefly from Jews’ Gate. They totalled just 23 birds, on eight dates between March 11th and April 14th, including 11 on April 3rd. One was ringed on February 24th.
Five were ringed in autumn: four of them on October 14th and one on November 7th.
Barn Swallow Golondrina común Hirundo rustica
Common migrant. Formerly bred.
Mainly small numbers were noted on passage but hirundine migration is not monitored at all closely. The earliest was one at Jews’ Gate on January 20th, followed by three over the town on February 6th. Some passage was then seen on frequent dates until May 16th. A steady movement was particularly evident on March 23rd.
Single birds that were at Europa Point on June 15th and June 26th, and four there on July 21st, followed by three over the South District on August 5th, could have involved birds from the near hinterland or even from an undetected local nest.
Southbound migrants were reported on six dates between September 4th and October 14th, mainly in small numbers although many were feeding on flying ants over the South District on the latter date. One was with roosting Crag Martins at the Gorham’s Caves roost on December 29th. Thirteen were ringed on October 14th, after responding to a tape lure.
Crag Martin Avión roquero Ptyonoprogne rupestris
Common: migrant and winter resident. Has bred.
The winter roost at the Gorham’s Caves complex was occupied as usual during both winter periods. Three were ringed on October 25th.
The first returning birds seen were two over Europa Point on October 4th. Numbers soon built up and there were an estimated 5,000 birds at the roost by November 10th. A minor roost of some 250 birds was found on apartment block ledges in the New Harbours estate on November 12th and was still occupied on November 29th.
Collared Sand Martin Avión zapador Riparia riparia
Regular but very scarce migrant.
A few were seen on spring passage. They totalled 24 birds, on five dates between March 3rd and April 25th, including eight on March 20th.
Western Bonelli’s Warbler Mosquitero papialbo Phylloscopus bonelli
Common migrant.
Very few were observed, just 19 birds, on nine dates between March 17th and May 9th. They included five on Windmill Hill on March 17th and four there the following day. Birds ringed totalled 65, between March 18th and May 10th.
Single birds were seen in the Nature Reserve on July 7th, 11th and 20th. Four were ringed between August 10th and September 15th.
Wood Warbler Mosquitero silbador Phylloscopus sibilatrix
Occasional: migrant.
Single birds were in the Botanic Gardens on April 12th and April 20th. Two were ringed: on April 18th and April 20th.
Yellow-browed Warbler Mosquitero Bilistado Phylloscopus inornatus
Rare migrant. Has wintered.
One was seen in the town centre, in Governor’s Parade, on October 21st. One was in the Botanic Gardens on November 17th and it or another was there on December 3rd. Four were ringed: On October 22nd, October 23rd, October 28th and November 4th.
Willow Warbler Mosquitero musical Phylloscopus trochilus
Common migrant.
Spring migrants observed totalled 71 birds, on 13 dates between March 10th and April 21st. They included 13 on Windmill Hill on April 17th and 23 there the following day, during migrant falls. Observations were widespread but especially included the Botanic Gardens and Europa Point area. Birds ringed in spring totalled 453, between March 6th and May 11th.
The few autumn observations were mainly from the Europa Point foreshore and the North Front cemetery. There were just 12 birds reported, between September 14th to October 20th, followed by a late bird on Windmill Hill on November 3rd. A further 48 were ringed between August 29th and October 25th.
Iberian Chiffchaff Mosquitero ibérico Phylloscopus ibericus
Common migrant.
One at Governor’s Lookout on March 10th was the only spring sight record. However, 23 were ringed between March 2nd and March 22nd, followed by a late capture on April 8th.
A further nine birds were seen on seven dates from August 4th to September 21st, from the Nature Reserve, North Front cemetery and Windmill Hill. There were 17 ringed between August 16th and October 2nd.
Common Chiffchaff Mosquitero común Phylloscopus collybita
Common migrant and common in winter.
The January bird counts found 152 birds dispersed between most vegetated areas. However, only four were on the East Side and only seven around Europa Point and Europa Advance Road, these last observations probably reflecting the poor condition of the flowering aloes that usually attract them. Birds continued to be widely reported until March and there were four records of single birds in April, the last on April 18th. Birds ringed during the first half of the year totalled 78, the last of these on May 2nd.
One on Windmill Hill on October 13th was the first autumn sight record. Birds were again widespread in small numbers until the end of the year. Site counts were usually in low single figures but there were eight in the North Front cemetery on October 13th and 11 on Windmill Hill on November 3rd. Birds ringed during the second half of the year totalled a remarkable 650, the earliest of these on September 28th:
Long-tailed Tit Mito común Aegithalos caudatus
Locally rare.
Only one bird was seen, on January 8th in the Nature Reserve. This contrasts with the relative frequency of sightings reported in 2023.
Blackcap Curruca capirotada Sylvia atricapilla
Common: resident, migrant and winter.
The January bird counts found 150 birds, distributed between most vegetated areas, in particular the Nature Reserve and Botanic Gardens. Birds ringed during the first half of the year totalled 182.
A count of 33 on Windmill Hill on October 13th will have involved migrants. There were two on the East Side reclamation, an unusual location, the same day. Birds ringed during the second half of the year, most of them southbound migrants, totalled 2,456.
Garden Warbler Curruca mosquitera Sylvia borin
Common migrant.
There were only seven observed in spring, on five dates between April 7th and May 6th. Three birds were in the North Front cemetery and four were in southern gardens. Nevertheless, 194 were ringed, between April 2nd and May 10th.
Single birds were in the North Front cemetery on September 17th and on Windmill Hill on October 13th. A further 44 were ringed, between August 15th and November 2nd.
Orphean Warbler Curruca mirlona Sylvia hortensis
Common migrant.
There were no spring sight records but 12 were ringed, between April 4th and May 10th.
Single birds were on Windmill Hill on August 14th and in the North Front cemetery on October 13th. Single birds were ringed on August 19th, September 6th and September 29th.
Sardinian Warbler Curruca cabecinegra Sylvia melanocephala
Common resident.
The January winter bird counts found 209 birds. These were widely distributed but the majority were in the Nature Reserve and 26 were on Windmill Hill. Ten were on the east side.
Several autumn concentrations may have involved passage migrants. These included 41 on Windmill Hill on October 13th and 38 there on November 3rd. Birds ringed during the year totalled 287.
Subalpine Warbler Curruca carrasqueña Sylvia cantillans
Common migrant.
Twenty were seen between February 18th and April 21st, including six on Windmill Hill on April 18th. They were observed in this and other open areas, notably the North Front cemetery. There were 33 ringed, between February 25th and May 9th.
One was in the Botanic Gardens on October 21st. A further 11 were ringed between August 29th and October 21st.
Common Whitethroat Curruca zarcera Sylvia communis
Common migrant.
There were eight on Windmill Hill among the migrant fall on April 18th and two were at Western Beach on the same day. One in the North Front cemetery on April 20th was the only other sight record. There were 43 ringed between March 21st and May 9th.
Single birds were recorded on four dates between September 3rd and October 13th, three of them in the North Front cemetery. Nine were ringed between August 20th and October 12th.
Spectacled Warbler Curruca tomillera Sylvia conspicillata
Regular migrant. Has bred.
Three were on Windmill Hill among a fall of migrants on April 18th.
Dartford Warbler Curruca rabilarga Sylvia undata
Regular migrant. Occasional in winter.
One on Windmill Hill on January 10th was the only observation during the first half of the year.
Two on Windmill Hill on October 25th, two in the Nature Reserve on November 1st and three on the Europa Point foreshore on November 8th may have been passage migrants. In November there were two records of single birds from Europa Point, one from Little Bay and one that was found dead in the harbour area on November 11th. Two were ringed: on October 22nd and November 8th.
Wren Chochín Troglodytes troglodytes
Common resident.
The January winter bird counts found 62 birds, nearly all of them in the Nature Reserve. Nine were ringed during the year.
Common Starling Estornino pinto Sturnus vulgaris
Common in some winters.
A small number were present during the second winter period. Observations totalled 27 birds, on nine dates between October 8th and December 9th. They included five on Windmill Hill on October 13th and seven on the Europa Point foreshore on November 9th, in the company of Spotless Starlings in both cases.
Spotless Starling Estornino negro Sturnus unicolor
Common resident.
There were 31 around the Europa Point foreshore on January 13th and 16 were at Western Beach on January 17th. The largest counts were chiefly from southern locations and included 27 on Windmill Hill on February 19th and 53 there on April 18th. Up to three were in the North Front cemetery in early May. The Europa Point foreshore attracted 15 birds in November.
Song Thrush Zorzal común Turdus philomelos
Common: migrant and winter.
Four were in the Nature Reserve on January 13th. One was ringed on March 1st.
There were frequent observations in autumn, especially on November 2nd, when there were many in the Nature Reserve. Observations were made from October 13th until November 27th. They included 17 on Windmill Hill on October 25th and 36 there on November 3rd. There were 52 ringed between October 12th and the end of the year.
Redwing Zorzal alirrojo Turdus iliacus
Occasional: migrant.
There were 24 around Mediterranean Road in the southern Nature Reserve on November 2nd and three over Jacob’s Ladder the same day. Three were seen in the Nature Reserve on November 10th. One was ringed on November 18th.
Blackbird Mirlo común Turdus merula
Common resident.
The January counts found 126 birds. Most were in the Nature Reserve and in parks and gardens but others were widespread and included five on the East Side, six on the harbour reclamation and five at Four Corners/Western Beach. There were eight in Commonwealth Park on January 1st. Windmill Hill held some small concentrations during the year, including 23 on February 19th, 19 on April 18th, 20 on October 13th and 21 on November 3rd. There were 65 ringed during the year.
Ring Ouzel Mirlo capiblanco Turdus torquatus
Occasional migrant.
Three were on Windmill Hill on October 12th and three were ringed at Jews’ Gate the same day.
Spotted Flycatcher Papamoscas gris Muscicapa striata
Common migrant. Some breed.
The earliest noted was one in the North Front cemetery on April 15th. Up to two were present in the cemetery until May 19th and there were four there on May 6th. The earliest report from the Botanic Gardens, a favoured nesting location, was on April 20th. Two were in Commonwealth Park on May 16th and single birds were there on May 19th and 26th. Five were ringed between April 20th and May 9th.
Breeding birds were poorly monitored but there were observations from a wide range of sites in July and August, indicating that a number of pairs were present. These locations comprised Royal Anglian Way, Signal Station Road, Governor’s Lookout and Bruce’s Farm in the Nature Reserve; the Trafalgar Cemetery, Rosia promenade, the Botanic Gardens, Witham’s cemetery, the St Joseph’s estate, Knights’ Court, Market Place, Commonwealth Park and the North Front cemetery.
There were reports of single birds in the North Front cemetery on seven dates from August 31st to October 17th and there was a very late record of two along Signal Station Road on November 2nd. Seven were ringed between August 20th and October 12th.
Robin Petirrojo Erithacus rubecula
Common: migrant and winter. Has bred.
The January bird counts found 90 birds, most of them in the Nature Reserve and southern gardens. Two were in Commonwealth Park on January 13th. Wintering individuals were observed until at least April 23rd when there was one in the Botanic Gardens. There were 22 ringed during the first half of the year, the last on May 8th.
At least one bird spent the summer in Commonwealth Park, and there were two there on May 14th and June 18th, but no breeding activity was detected. One was in the Trafalgar cemetery on May 5th and another at Eliott’s Battery on Europa Flats on June 25th.
Later observations began with one bird at Green Lane on September 29th and five in Commonwealth Park on October 6th. There were 18 on Windmill Hill both on October 13th and November 3rd. Birds were at habitual wintering locations from mid October onwards. Birds ringed during the second half of the year totalled 499, the earliest on September 6th and the remainder from September 22nd onwards.
Nightingale Ruiseñor común Luscinia megarhynchos
Common migrant. Has bred.
There were 26 observations, on eleven dates between March 23rd and April 21st. They included seven on Windmill Hill on April 18th, when there was a migrant fall. Other observations came from the Nature Reserve, Vineyards estate, the North Front cemetery and Europa Point foreshore. There were 39 ringed between March 22nd and May 9th.
Single birds were seen at Jews’ Gate on July 28th and August 1st, and at Middle Hill on August 11th. A further 18 were ringed, between August 20th and October 7th.
Pied Flycatcher Papamoscas cerrojillo Ficedula hypoleuca
Common migrant.
The earliest observation was of one in the Botanic Gardens on April 11th. There were 76 further observations on nine further dates until April 26th, notably during the migrant falls on Windmill Hill, where there were 51 on April 18th. Ten were in the Botanic Gardens on April 20th and several other records came from the North Front cemetery. An unseasonal individual was by the Air Terminal on June 20th. There were 114 ringed in spring, between April 6th and May 9th.
Southbound migrants totalled 31, on 17 dates between September 1st and October 20th. Most were seen in the Nature Reserve and North Front cemetery but there were single birds at Western Beach on September 20th and at Commonwealth Park on September 22nd. A further 64 were ringed, between August 4th and October 18th.
Black Redstart Colirrojo tizón Phoenicurus ochruros
Common: migrant and winter.
Overwintering birds in mid January totalled 69, including 25 in the Nature Reserve and 18 on Windmill Hill. Individuals were widespread in open areas throughout January and February, the last observation being of one on Windmill Hill on March 23rd. Most locations supported 1–3 individuals but counts of 31 on Windmill Hill on February 19th and nine at Europa Point on February 21st probably indicated spring migrants. There were 35 ringed between the start of the year and March 13th.
The first of the autumn were three on Windmill Hill on October 13th. There were some notable concentrations of migrants thereafter, including 45 on Windmill Hill on October 25th, 40 in the southern Nature Reserve on November 2nd and 91 again on Windmill Hill on November 3rd. Overwinterers included up to four on the Europa Point foreshore and up to eight in the North Front cemetery. There were 127 ringed from October 13th until the end of the year.
Common Redstart Colirrojo real Phoenicurus phoenicurus
Common migrant.
There were 45 seen between March 18th and May 17th, chiefly in late March and during April. Most were seen in the North Front cemetery but there were nine on Windmill Hill on April 18th. Birds ringed in spring totalled 20, Between March 18th and May 16th.
Autumn migrants seen totalled 29, between September 3rd and October 17th. These again especially favoured the North Front cemetery but four were seen on the Europa Point foreshore and there were six on Windmill Hill on October 13th. There were 25 ringed between September 1st and October 15th.
Blue Rock-thrush Roquero solitario Monticola solitarius
Resident.
One or two birds were observed at or near rocky locations throughout the year, notably along the East side, at Europa Point, Windmill Hill and Camp and Little Bays. There were several observations from the North Front cemetery. The largest site-counts were all from Windmill Hill, where there were five on February 19th and April 18th. Three were ringed: on April 12th, October 5th and October 7th.
Whinchat Tarabilla norteña Saxicola rubetra
Common migrant.
There were sight records on just five dates between April 16th and May 5th. They totalled 31 birds, including an exceptional 21 on Windmill Hill among other passerine migrants on April 18th. These were preceded by six in the same area the previous day. The remainder were single birds, most of them in the North Front cemetery. One was ringed on May 6th.
Single birds were present in the North Front cemetery on October 6th, 10th and 11th.
Stonechat Tarabilla común Saxicola torquatus
Common: migrant and winter.
Overwintering birds were sparse during the first winter period. There were up to eight on Windmill Hill, up to three on the Europa Point foreshore, one on the East Side and one in the North Front cemetery. The last report was from the cemetery on March 13th.
The first returning birds seen were two on the Europa Point foreshore on October 1st. This location, Windmill Hill and the North Front cemetery all hosted overwintering birds. There was also one in Little Bay on November 22nd. Most observations were of 1–3 birds but there were eight in the cemetery on October 17th and 18 on Windmill Hill on November 3rd. Five were ringed between October 14th and October 19th.
Northern Wheatear Collalba gris Oenanthe oenanthe
Common migrant.
There were 14 individuals seen between March 14th and April 24th, seven of them on Windmill Hill, four on the Europa Point foreshore, two in the North Front cemetery and one on Engineer Road.
Observations of returning birds totalled 19 individuals, between September 24th and October 20th. Ten were seen on the foreshore and seven on Windmill Hill. One was ringed on October 4th.
Black-eared Wheatear Collalba rubia Oenanthe hispanica
Common migrant.
One was at Spur Battery on March 16th. Seven more individuals were observed in total between March 25th and April 21st, four of them in the North Front cemetery and three on Windmill Hill. One was ringed on April 15th.
Firecrest Reyezuelo listado Regulus ignicapilla
Regular but scarce: migrant and winter.
One was in the Nature Reserve on April 20th.
There were five reports of one or two birds in the southern Nature Reserve on five dates between October 17th and December 30th. One was ringed on October 15th.
Dunnock Acentor común Prunella modularis
Occasional: winter.
A first-year bird was ringed on November 4th.
House Sparrow Gorrión común Passer domesticus
Common resident.
The January bird counts found 339 widespread birds: only the densely vegetated Nature Reserve was avoided. Local gatherings included 63 in the Western Beach area, 31 on the East Side, 32 in the harbour reclamation and 41 at Europa Advance road.

Female House Sparrows. J. Downing.
Birds were clearly mobile and attracted to places where food was provided for them, so that 25 were at Europa Point on September 19th and 50 were counted at gardens on the Europa Point foreshore on October 12th. There were 67 ringed during the year.
Sudan Golden Sparrow Gorrión dorado Passer luteus
Possible vagrant. Currently retained in Status Category D.
A juvenile frequented the Europa Point foreshore area between at least September 21st and October 1st. It was to be seen accompanying House Sparrows attracted to food provided in gardens there. Third record (C. Fortuna, R. Perez)
Tree Pipit Bisbita arbóreo Anthus trivialis
Regular migrant.
Only one was seen, on April 21st on Windmill Hill. Seven were ringed between March 22nd and May 7th.
Meadow Pipit Bisbita pratense Anthus pratensis
Common: migrant and winter.
An overwintering presence on Windmill Hill was evident during January and February and until at least March 23rd. There were 21 at this site on January 10th and 18 there on February 19th. Elsewhere one was in Camp Bay on January 11th and single birds, perhaps the same individual, were on the Europa Point foreshore from at least January 28th until March 24th.
There were autumn observations on only four dates between October 13th and November 3rd but these included a steady passage of flocks over the Nature Reserve on November 2nd and there were 36 on Windmill Hill on November 3rd. One was on the foreshore on November 8th. One was ringed on November 11th.
Tawny Pipit Bisbita campestre Anthus campestris
Regular migrant.
Single birds were seen on Windmill Hill on April 21st and from Jews’ Gate on September 2nd.
Yellow Wagtail Lavandera boyera Motacilla flava
Regular but scarce migrant.
Very few were seen. There were just seven in spring, between March 20th and May 2nd, five seen in the southern part of the Rock and two on Western Beach.
A juvenile that appeared at Europa Point on July 3rd was probably responsible for some of eight further sightings of single birds in that area until October 19th. Two were seen from Jews’ Gate on September 5th and there were two at Europa Point on September 20th, 21st and 22nd.
Grey Wagtail Lavandera cascadeña Motacilla cinerea
Regular but scarce: migrant and winter. Has bred.
One was in Commonwealth Park on January 13th and three were in the Seven Sisters area of the South Mole the following day. Two of the latter were still there on January 27th.
There were six reports later in the year: single birds at Little Bay on September 22nd and November 19th, at Commonwealth Park on October 25th and at Western Beach on December 8th, as well as two in the harbour area on October 10th and three on the Europa Point foreshore on November 8th.
White Wagtail Lavandera blanca Motacilla alba
Regular but scarce migrant. Regular in winter. Has bred.
Ten were found during the January bird counts, six at Western Beach, two in the North Front cemetery and two on Windmill Hill. One or two were seen at the same sites until March 7th.
Six were on Windmill Hill on October 19th and three were in Commonwealth Park on October 25th. Three were on the Europa Point foreshore on October 27th. A steady southward passage of flocks, accompanying those of pipits, finches and thrushes, took place on November 2nd. Six were again on Windmill Hill on November 3rd and up to three frequented the North Front cemetery until the end of the year.
A male Moroccan Wagtail Motacilla (alba) subpersonata was on the Europa point foreshore on February 21st and 22nd and it or another was there on March 1st. (R. Perez, R. Azopardi)

Moroccan White Wagtail. R. Perez
Common Chaffinch Pinzón vulgar Fringilla coelebs
Common: migrant and winter.
Records during the first winter period were exceptionally sparse. Only three individuals were found in the January counts. The largest count was eight flying north on March 15th. Only four individuals were seen subsequently, the last on April 14th. Single birds were ringed, on February 24th and April 16th.
One was in the Nature Reserve on July 3rd. There were no further sightings until October 17th–19th when up to three were along Signal Station Road. Two were on the Europa Point foreshore on October 27th. Chaffinches formed a significant part of steady southward visible migration seen from Mediterranean Road in the Nature Reserve on November 2nd. The following day there were 118 on Windmill Hill. There were 22 ringed between October 17th and the end of the year.
African Chaffinch Pinzón africano Fringilla spodiogenys
Vagrant.
Two were ringed in spring, an adult male on March 22nd and an adult female on April 6th. Fifth and sixth records (M. Cutts, R. Jones).
Brambling Pinzón real Fringilla montifringilla
Occasional: migrant.
Three were ringed: a first-year male on March 23rd, an adult female on April 7th and a juvenile male on November 5th.
Hawfinch Picogordo común Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Locally rare.
At least one was along Mediterranean Road in the southern Nature Reserve on November 2nd.
Bullfinch Camachuelo común Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Occasional: migrant.
Two females were ringed: an adult on November 9th and a juvenile on November 17th.
Trumpeter Finch Camachuelo trompetero Bucanetes githagineus
Locally rare.
One was on the Europa Point foreshore on March 17th and 18th. Eleventh record (K. Sivers, J. Downing).

Trumpeter Finch. J. Downing
Greenfinch Verderón común Chloris chloris
Common: migrant and winter. Some resident.
Site counts on January 13th found 25 birds, including 14 around Camp Bay, one on Windmill Hill and the remainder in South District gardens: there were none in the Botanic Gardens, however. Hardly any northbound migrants were seen: there were 1-4 birds on ten dates from February 19th until May 2nd, chiefly on Windmill Hill. The Botanic Gardens, the prime local breeding location, held at least 25 on April 20th. There were 12 ringed during the first half of the year.
Passage migrants were again sparse later in the year and, in particular, did not figure in the large diurnal passage of finches and others over the Nature Reserve on November 1st. Up to five were present in the Nature Reserve in July and August and there were four on Windmill Hill on August 14th. The next reports were from Europa Point and the foreshore from September 21st until October 17th, including 20 on September 22nd and 17 on September 28th. There were 85 on Windmill Hill on November 3rd but only a few individuals were reported thereafter, in the Nature Reserve. There were 145 ringed during the second half of the year.
Linnet Pardillo común Linaria cannabina
Common migrant.
Very few were seen on northward passage. They totalled 14 birds, on six dates between February 19th and April 28th, chiefly seen flying past Jews’ Gate. One was ringed on March 15th.
Two were on Windmill Hill on October 13th but there were 34 there, as well as three in the North Front cemetery, on November 3rd, One was on the Europa Point foreshore on November 8th. A small passage south was seen from Jews’ Gate on November 11th. One was ringed on October 23rd.
Goldfinch Jilguero común Carduelis carduelis
Common: migrant and winter. Has bred.
Only very small numbers were reported during the first half of the year. The January counts found only four birds, three on Windmill Hill and one at Europa Point. Thereafter birds were only reported on ten dates, up to April 16th, chiefly from Windmill Hill and Europa Point and flying north at Jews’ Gate. Most records were of 1–4 birds, 15 on April 3rd being the largest count.
The first observation during the second half of the year was of one in the North Front cemetery on October 12th followed by 18 at Europa Point on October 17th. Large numbers were seen flying south over the Nature Reserve on November 1st and again on November 17th. Site counts during this period included 70 in the cemetery and 253 at Windmill Hill on November 3rd, and 100 around the Europa Point foreshore on November 8th. Two remained on the foreshore on at least December 6th and 20th. Only 18 were ringed, between October 15th and November 17th.
Serin Serín verdecillo Serinus serinus
Common: migrant and winter. Has bred.
Birds were only reported on nine dates between January 11th and April 9th and in very small numbers. They totalled 34 and were chiefly seen from Jews’ Gate or Europa Point. Nine at Sandy Bay on February 21st was the largest count. Two were at Europa Point on June 15th. There were 15 ringed between March 5th and April 12th, plus a late bird on May 8th.
Mainly small numbers were again reported on six dates between July 11th and November 17th, but there were reportedly many around Jews’ Gate on the latter date. Previously 21 were at Windmill Hill on November 3rd. Birds ringed totalled 114, between October 14th and November 18th.
Siskin Jilguero lúgano Spinus spinus
Regular but scarce migrant. Occasional in winter.
Two were at the frontier on March 1st and three were over the Rock on March 15th. A further seven in total were reported from Jews’ Gate on four dates between April 3rd and April 9th. One was ringed on April 3rd.
Two were in the Nature Reserve in November 2nd and 64 were seen from Windmill Hill on November 3rd. Small-scale southward passage was seen from Jews’ Gate on November 10th and 11th, followed by a larger movement on November 17th. There were 12 ringed between November 1st and November 18th.
Corn Bunting Escribano triguero Emberiza calandra
Occasional: migrant and winter.
One was on the Europa Point foreshore on February 17th. One was on Windmill Hill on April 17th and there were 14 there on April 18th. One was in the North Front cemetery on April 23rd.
Two were on Windmill Hill on October 25th.
Ortolan Bunting Escribano hortelano Emberiza hortulana
Occasional: migrant.
One was on Windmill Hill on April 18th. Two were ringed: on April 23rd and May 8th.
One was on Windmill Hill on October 13th.
House Bunting Escribano sahariano Emberiza sahari
Vagrant.
One was on the Europa Point foreshore on April 7th. Another was at Europa Point on August 16th, feeding alongside sparrows and pigeons on seed provided by ship-watching enthusiasts. A different individual was present in the same place on September 25th. Sixth to eighth records (R. Perez, J. Ferrary, J. Bugeja, E. Garcia).
………………………………………………………..
Common Myna Miná común Acridotheres tristis
Escaped alien species
A pair of this notoriously invasive species was present in the harbour area during the second half of the year. The birds were seen with a nestling on July 22nd. The species is native to southern Asia.
APPENDIX 1 DAILY MINIMUM COUNTS OF MIGRANT SOARING RAPTORS SPRING 2024 | |||||||||||
See Systematic List for records of falcons and species represented by fewer than ten individuals | |||||||||||
Date | Osprey | Egyptian Vulture | Honey Buzzard | Griffon Vulture | Short-toed Eagle | Booted Eagle | Sparrowhawk | Marsh Harrier | Montagu's Harrier | Black Kite | Day Totals |
06-Feb | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
07-Feb | 4 | 4 | |||||||||
10-Feb | 2 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
12-Feb | 52 | 52 | |||||||||
15-Feb | 243 | 243 | |||||||||
16-Feb | 29 | 29 | |||||||||
22-Feb | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 1331 | 1341 | |||||
23-Feb | 3 | 27 | 1 | 1 | 1455 | 1487 | |||||
24-Feb | 2 | 2 | |||||||||
25-Feb | 2 | 1 | 23 | 1 | 862 | 889 | |||||
26-Feb | 4 | 20 | 24 | ||||||||
28-Feb | 8 | 1 | 563 | 572 | |||||||
29-Feb | 1 | 32 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 961 | 1003 | ||||
01-Mar | 373 | 2 | 11 | 3 | 48 | 437 | |||||
02-Mar | 120 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 681 | 807 | |||||
03-Mar | 1 | 23 | 13 | 37 | |||||||
04-Mar | 1 | 25 | 1 | 10 | 37 | ||||||
08-Mar | 1 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 6357 | 6370 | |||||
10-Mar | 1 | 3 | 140 | 17 | 10 | 7 | 3607 | 3785 | |||
11-Mar | 34 | 3 | 16 | 7 | 135 | 195 | |||||
14-Mar | 2 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 18 | 2200 | 2230 | ||||
15-Mar | 11 | 45 | 14 | 13 | 18 | 1 | 62 | 164 | |||
18-Mar | 2 | 2 | |||||||||
19-Mar | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
20-Mar | 30 | 2 | 23 | 142 | 62 | 150 | 2 | 2038 | 2449 | ||
21-Mar | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
24-Mar | 1 | 5 | 1000 | 1006 | |||||||
25-Mar | 2 | 1 | 1000 | 1003 | |||||||
26-Mar | 23 | 23 | |||||||||
27-Mar | 57 | 247 | 304 | ||||||||
28-Mar | 1 | 61 | 6 | 4 | 284 | 356 | |||||
29-Mar | 11 | 41 | 3 | 14 | 69 | ||||||
01-Apr | 1 | 2 | 125 | 22 | 8 | 156 | 314 | ||||
03-Apr | 1 | 4 | 4 | 9 | |||||||
05-Apr | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |||||||
06-Apr | 426 | 426 | |||||||||
07-Apr | 3 | 1 | 4 | 27 | 47 | 12 | 4 | 624 | 722 | ||
08-Apr | 5 | 12 | 27 | 250 | 68 | 8 | 5 | 375 | |||
09-Apr | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 8 | ||||||
16-Apr | 5 | 7 | 21 | 19 | 2 | 292 | 346 | ||||
17-Apr | 3 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 245 | 263 | |||||
21-Apr | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
22-Apr | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 58 | 66 | |||||
25-Apr | 1 | 57 | 17 | 34 | 16 | 2 | 2 | 216 | 345 | ||
26-Apr | 10 | 5 | 8 | 20 | 7 | 2 | 98 | 150 | |||
27-Apr | 53 | 1 | 15 | 6 | 14 | 89 | |||||
28-Apr | 1 | 728 | 6 | 17 | 45 | 8 | 2 | 380 | 1187 | ||
29-Apr | 2 | 2 | 89 | 182 | 14 | 36 | 9 | 4 | 250 | 588 | |
30-Apr | 1 | 46 | 72 | 7 | 35 | 5 | 1 | 105 | 272 | ||
01-May | 43 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 13 | 64 | ||||
02-May | 365 | 52 | 8 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 292 | 739 | ||
04-May | 1 | 4 | 5 | ||||||||
05-May | 1 | 14 | 132 | 4 | 7 | 32 | 4 | 218 | 412 | ||
06-May | 1 | 347 | 4 | 13 | 4 | 174 | 543 | ||||
07-May | 900 | 1 | 13 | 914 | |||||||
12-May | 80 | 80 | |||||||||
13-May | 1 | 3 | 2515 | 112 | 11 | 115 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 597 | 3365 |
14-May | 304 | 304 | |||||||||
15-May | 30 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 326 | 372 | |||||
16-May | 362 | 13 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 263 | 647 | ||||
18-May | 1 | 233 | 152 | 11 | 38 | 469 | 904 | ||||
20-May | 87 | 48 | 2 | 4 | 26 | 167 | |||||
21-May | 0 | ||||||||||
26-May | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
27-May | 11 | 34 | 11 | 34 | 140 | 230 | |||||
29-May | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
07-Jun | 2 | 22 | 4 | 10 | 15 | 53 | |||||
08-Jun | 60 | 117 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 60 | 247 | ||||
09-Jun | 16 | 167 | 11 | 10 | 15 | 219 | |||||
10-Jun | 3 | 2 | 1 | 15 | 21 | ||||||
11-Jun | 1 | 1 | 74 | 1 | 12 | 89 | |||||
12-Jun | 2 | 2 | |||||||||
15-Jun | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||
16-Jun | 5 | 1 | 1 | 7 | |||||||
17-Jun | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 | |||||||
18-Jun | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |||||||
19-Jun | 1 | 10 | 1 | 12 | |||||||
22-Jun | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||
30-Jun | 2 | 4 | 6 | ||||||||
01-Jul | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||
07-Jul | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
12-Jul | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
16-Jul | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
TOTALS | 65 | 52 | 6203 | 1388 | 1067 | 1249 | 400 | 307 | 21 | 28754 | 39504 |
Osprey | Egyptian Vulture | Honey Buzzard | Griffon Vulture | Short-toed Eagle | Booted Eagle | Sparrowhawk | Marsh Harrier | Montagu's Harrier | Black Kite | Day Totals |
APPENDIX 2 DAILY MINIMUM COUNTS OF MIGRANT SOARING RAPTORS AUTUMN 2024 | ||||||||||
See Systematic List for records of falcons and species represented by fewer than ten individuals | ||||||||||
Date | Egyptian Vulture | Honey Buzzard | Griffon Vulture | Short-toed Eagle | Booted Eagle | Sparrowhawk | Marsh Harrier | Montagu's Harrier | Black Kite | Day Totals |
12-Jul | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
15-Jul | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
16-Jul | 4 | 4 | ||||||||
20-Jul | 200 | 200 | ||||||||
21-Jul | 111 | 111 | ||||||||
22-Jul | 33 | 33 | ||||||||
25-Jul | 50 | 50 | ||||||||
31-Jul | 100 | 100 | ||||||||
01-Aug | 1200 | 1200 | ||||||||
02-Aug | 3896 | 3896 | ||||||||
03-Aug | 40 | 40 | ||||||||
04-Aug | 215 | 215 | ||||||||
08-Aug | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
12-Aug | 2 | 300 | 302 | |||||||
13-Aug | 3000 | 3000 | ||||||||
14-Aug | 1 | 1 | 1187 | 1189 | ||||||
18-Aug | 3 | 800 | 803 | |||||||
23-Aug | 3 | 12 | 15 | |||||||
26-Aug | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
31-Aug | 10 | 10 | ||||||||
04-Sep | 2 | 50 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 60 | 131 | |
09-Sep | 6 | 7850 | 13 | 6 | 14 | 678 | 8567 | |||
10-Sep | 7 | 4760 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 22 | 14 | 865 | 5682 | |
11-Sep | 200 | 1 | 1 | 40 | 242 | |||||
12-Sep | 45 | 7 | 5 | 15 | 72 | |||||
15-Sep | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
16-Sep | 60 | 60 | ||||||||
19-Sep | 75 | 75 | ||||||||
20-Sep | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
21-Sep | 2 | 1 | 200 | 3 | 3 | 209 | ||||
22-Sep | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 11 | |||||
23-Sep | 1 | 41 | 1 | 8 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 76 | |
24-Sep | 1 | 28 | 11 | 3 | 3 | 46 | ||||
25-Sep | 60 | 1 | 5 | 66 | 43 | 9 | 1 | 20 | 205 | |
26-Sep | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 7 | ||||
27-Sep | 1 | 3 | 4 | |||||||
30-Sep | 50 | 50 | ||||||||
04-Oct | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 8 | ||||
05-Oct | 5 | 1 | 2 | 17 | 2 | 1 | 28 | |||
09-Oct | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
10-Oct | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
17-Oct | 1 | 5 | 1 | 7 | ||||||
21-Oct | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
25-Oct | 3 | 1 | 4 | |||||||
26-Oct | 120 | 1 | 121 | |||||||
39-10 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
02-Nov | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
06-Nov | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
10-Nov | 3 | 3 | ||||||||
11-Nov | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
12-Nov | 3 | 3 | ||||||||
TOTALS | 30 | 13051 | 129 | 15 | 515 | 113 | 80 | 19 | 12844 | 26796 |
Date | Egyptian Vulture | Honey Buzzard | Griffon Vulture | Short-toed Eagle | Booted Eagle | Sparrowhawk | Marsh Harrier | Montagu's Harrier | Black Kite | Day Totals |